《植物生理学报》 2018, 54(3): 363-369

植物油质蛋白的结构、功能及应用

孙静, 姜宇, 陶俊^*

扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室, 江苏扬州225009

通信作者：陶；E-mail: taojun@yzu.edu.cn

摘　要：

植物油质蛋白是存在于油体表面的高度疏水的碱性小分子量嵌入蛋白, 广泛存在于植物体的各个部位, 并在维持油体稳定与大小、油脂积累、抗冻性等方面发挥重要作用。目前, 关于植物油质蛋白的研究主要集中在拓扑结构与作用方面, 在其进化、应用方面研究较少。本文结合多年研究基础综述了油质蛋白的进化、拓扑结构、应用趋势和在油体“出芽”过程中所起的作用等最新进展, 并讨论了油质蛋白作为一种新型植物原料, 在食品、化妆品和聚烯烃等方面的应用前景和存在的问题。

关键词：油质蛋白; 进化; 拓扑结构; 出芽; 应用

收稿：2018-01-10   修定：2018-03-06

资助：国家自然科学基金(31600564)、江苏省自然科学基金(BK20160460)和江苏省林业三新工程(LYSX[2016]45)。

Structure, function and application of plant oleosin

SUN Jing, JIANG Yu, TAO Jun^*

School of Horticulture and Plant Protection of Yangzhou University / Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China

Corresponding author: TAO Jun; E-mail: taojun@yzu.edu.cn

Abstract:

Plant oleosin is a highly hydrophobic alkaline protein with small molecular weight which exists on the surface of oil body. It is widely found in various parts of the plant and plays an important role in maintaining the stability and size of oil body, oil accumulation and frost resistance effect. At present, the research on plant oleosin mainly focuses on the topological structure and function, and less on its evolution and application. In this paper, we review the recent advances in the evolution, topological structure, application trends and role of oleosin in budding of oil bodies. The application prospects and existing problems of oleosin as a new plant material in food, cosmetics and polyolefins are also discussed.

Key words: oleosins; evolution; topology; budding; application